Концепция паноптикума в современной политической теории

Such an influence is due to special political models, which were analyzed using the concept of biopolitics by M. Foucault and the topological concept of oligopticums by B. Latourassociated with it. The author's contribution of the proposed study lies in the fact that the analysis of the connection between the logic of space organization and political strategies is carried out on the basis of the concept of architectural mediality. The use of the media-philosophical concept of mediality made it possible to demonstrate that architecture not only reflects the biopolitical model, but is a condition for its existence. Just like modern mass media, urban space broadcasts ways of distributing power. Architecture, therefore, ceases to be an external instrument of biopolitics, but is the media itself, a condition for the existence of political control technologies. Thus, the concept of oligopticums demonstrated that the management of population flows, mobility, and even its views is carried out with the help of a network image of the organization of architectural and urban space. The latter becomes a medium that is not available for final representation, but can be revealed through the description of the specific places of its manifestations: offices, offices and laboratories. It is in this particular topology that the counting of possible movements, the restriction of access to certain places, or the sociological research of which ideas should be relevant are carried out. This structure of networks and specific loci is complemented by the idea of biopolitical space, which is derived from disciplinary spaces [3]. If in the model of a disciplinary "panopticon", the classic form of which are places of detention and hospitals, there may still be a central overseer, then in biopolitical places management is carried out at the expense of self-discipline. The specificity of modern biopolitical topology lies in its openness, dynamism, focus on comfort and efficiency. Nevertheless, it also acts as the leading form of media in the power management of the body and health, ranging from the transparent facades of L. Corbusier's buildings to the introduction of all kinds of digital forms of recording the physical and mental life of an individual. Understanding architecture from the point of view of political media is necessary for the formation of a critical attitude not only in relation to mass media messages, but in relation to the image of the spaces in which modern man lives.ListofreferencesAmin E., Trift N. Cities: rethinking the urban. Nizhny Novgorod: Krasnaya Swallow, 2017. 224 p.Kildyushov, O. V. (2014). Michel Foucault as a researcher of the "police state": program, heuristic problems, research perspectives. SociologicalReview, 13(3), 9-32.Kolesnikova D. A. Mediality of architecture. On the issue of the visual ecology of the city [Electronic resource]. URL: http://dspace.kpfu.ru/xmlui/bitstream/handle/net/30157/viscom2014-143-149.pdf?sequence=-1&isAllowed=y (accessed 24/03/2022).Latour B. Reassembly of the social. Introduction to actor-network theory. M.: Ed. House of the Higher School of Economics, 2014. 384 p.McLuhan M. Understanding Media. External extensions of a person. M. - Zhukovsky: CANON-press-C; Kuchkovofield, 2003. 464 p.Savchuk V. V. Media Philosophy. The attack of reality. St. Petersburg: Izd-vo RKHGA, 2013. 350 p.Foucault M. Security, territory, population. St. Petersburg: Nauka, 2011. 544 p.Foucault M. Supervise and punish. The birth of the prison Moscow: Ad Marginem, 1999. 479 p.Foucault, M. (2006). Eye of power. Intellectuals and Power: Selected Political Articles, Speeches and Interviews (pp. 220-249). Moscow: Praxis.Foucault M. The Birth of Biopolitics // Foucault M. Intellectuals and Power: Selected Political Articles, Speeches and Interviews. Moscow: Praxis, 2006. Part 3. Articlesandinterviews, 1970-1984. pp. 151-160.